Makin Ophidian Morphs
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  • boa
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  • water snake
  • green tree python
care guide
  • Snake care guide
  • disabled snake care guide
Makin Ophidian Morphs
Home
About us
FAQ
Feeder rats
Popular Snake Species
  • boa
  • ball python
  • corn snake
  • hognose
  • king snake
  • milk snake
  • garter snake
  • water snake
  • green tree python
care guide
  • Snake care guide
  • disabled snake care guide
More
  • Home
  • About us
  • FAQ
  • Feeder rats
  • Popular Snake Species
    • boa
    • ball python
    • corn snake
    • hognose
    • king snake
    • milk snake
    • garter snake
    • water snake
    • green tree python
  • care guide
    • Snake care guide
    • disabled snake care guide
  • Home
  • About us
  • FAQ
  • Feeder rats
  • Popular Snake Species
    • boa
    • ball python
    • corn snake
    • hognose
    • king snake
    • milk snake
    • garter snake
    • water snake
    • green tree python
  • care guide
    • Snake care guide
    • disabled snake care guide

About water Snake's

Key Characteristics

 

  • Non-venomous: Kill prey by constriction or swallowing whole.
     
  • Medium size: Adults usually grow 2–4 feet (0.6–1.2 meters), though some can reach 5 feet.
     
  • Coloration: Usually brown, gray, or reddish with darker bands or blotches. Patterns vary by species.
     
  • Aquatic adaptations: Strong swimmers with flattened tails.

Where They Live

 

  • Found in freshwater habitats: rivers, lakes, ponds, marshes, and swamps.
     
  • Excellent climbers and swimmers.
     
  • Often bask on rocks, logs, or vegetation near water.

Diet

 

  • Primarily fish
     
  • Amphibians like frogs and salamanders
     
  • Occasionally small mammals or birds
     
  • Hunt both in water and along shorelines

Behavior

 

  • Diurnal: Active during the day.
     
  • Defensive: Will bite if threatened; can release musk.
     
  • Often mistaken for venomous snakes due to aggressive behavior when cornered.
     
  • Strong swimmers, often dive to escape danger.

Are They Dangerous To Humans

 No—they are harmless, though their bites can be painful. Their defensive posture and resemblance to venomous snakes often make people fear them unnecessarily. 

As Pets

 

  • Less commonly kept as pets compared to corn snakes or ball pythons.
     
  • Require large water-access enclosures, basking areas, and hiding spots.
     
  • Can live 10–15 years in captivity with proper care.

water snake care guide

introduction

Water snakes are highly active, semi-aquatic colubrids native to North America, commonly found near lakes, rivers, swamps, and wetlands. They are known for their strong swimming ability, defensive attitudes, and large appetites.

Adult Size

 2.5–5 ft depending on species 

temperament

 defensive, quick, often bitey when young 

Lifespan

 10–15 years 

Lifestyle

 semi-aquatic, terrestrial 

activity level

 diurnal (day time)


 Water snakes are not ideal first-time pets but can thrive with proper care and patience. 


Enclosure set up

tank size, and enclosure type

tank size

 

  • Juveniles: 20–30 gallons
     
  • Adults: 40–75 gallons (long tanks preferred)
     

Water snakes need both land and water, so larger tanks are recommended.

Enclosure type

 

  • Glass aquariums or PVC hybrids
     
  • Must be escape-proof
     
  • Good ventilation required


Water & Land Area

Water snakes need a semi-aquatic setup, similar to turtle enclosures:

Water Section

 

  • Clean, filtered water
     
  • Enough space for full swimming
     
  • Depth: 3–8 inches for juveniles, 6–12+ inches for adults
     
  • Use a reptile-safe filter
     
  • Keep water clean and changed often—they defecate in water frequently

Land Section

 

  • Dry basking platform
     
  • Hides on both land and water edges
     
  • Branches or rocks to help them climb out


Heating & Lighting

Temperatures, Heating Equipment, and Lighting

Temperatures

 

  • Basking spot: 90–95°F (32–35°C)
     
  • Ambient land area: 75–82°F (24–28°C)
     
  • Water temperature: 75–80°F (24–27°C)

Heating Equipment

 

  • Heat lamp for basking
     
  • Ceramic heat emitter if needed
     
  • Aquarium heater for water (must be protected from snake contact)

Lighting

 

  • 12-hour cycle
     
  • UVB strongly recommended for overall health


Humidity Tips

Humidity

 

  • Ideal humidity: 50–70%
     
  • Higher humidity tolerated due to water access
     
  • Ensure land areas stay dry enough to prevent scale rot


Substrate (Bedding)

Spot clean Weekly; full clean every 1-2 months. The substrate should stay slightly moist but not wet.

Recommended, For the land area, use:

 

  • cypress mulch
     
  • coconut bark or chips
     
  • sphagnum moss (mixed in small amounts)
     
  • reptile soil mixes
     

Avoid

 

  • sand
     
  • gravel
     
  • cedar
     
  • pine


Enclosure Furnishing

Water snakes are active and benefit from enriched environments.

Tank Items

 

  • Multiple hides on land
     
  • Rocks or cork bark
     
  • Branches for climbing
     
  • Water plants (live or artificial)
     
  • Basking platform
     
  • Smooth surfaces to prevent scale damage


Cleaning and Maintenance

cleaning Tips

 

Water snakes are messy compared to other snakes.

  • Daily: remove waste from water & land
     
  • Every few days: replace part of the water
     
  • Weekly: clean filter, partial water change
     
  • Monthly: full enclosure clean
     

Keeping water clean is essential to prevent infections.


Handling

Handling Tips

 

  • Water snakes can be defensive and may bite or musk
     
  • Handle gently and consistently to reduce stress
     
  • Support the body, move slowly
     
  • Avoid handling after feeding
     
  • Expect musk and defensive behavior in young snakes
     

With patience, many individuals become calmer.


Health & Veterinary Care

Find an exotic veterinarian experienced with snakes.

Signs of good health

 

  • Bright, alert behavior
     
  • Smooth scales without lesions
     
  • Strong swimmers
     
  • Regular appetite
     
  • Clean vent area

Signs of illness

 

  • Sores or blisters (possible scale rot)
     
  • Difficulty swimming
     
  • Lethargy
     
  • Wheezing or bubbling (respiratory infection)
     
  • Poor appetite
     
  • Cloudy or foul-smelling water causing irritation


Shedding

Never pull the shed; assist only if stuck on the tail or eyes

Shedding Tips

 

  • Young snakes shed every 4–6 weeks
     
  • Adults shed less often
     
  • Pre-shed signs: dull skin, cloudy eyes
     
  • Increase humidity slightly
     
  • Provide rough surfaces to help remove shed
     


Safety Precautions

tips to protect you and your snakes

 

  • Always wash hands before/after handling
     
  • Keep enclosure escape-proof
     
  • Avoid cohabitation (they may fight or spread parasites)
     
  • Supervise children
     
  • Quarantine new snakes for 60–90 days


Record keeping

Documenting

 

  • Feeding log
     
  • Shed dates
     
  • Weight tracking
     
  • Health notes
     
  • Vet visits

sneklog is amazing for tracking weight and when they last ate

Add a footnote if this applies to your business

Feeding Guide

Diet

 

Water snakes are carnivorous and opportunistic. Suitable foods include:

  • Frozen-thawed fish (safe species ONLY)
     
  • Frozen-thawed amphibians (if available)
     
  • Worms and nightcrawlers (occasional)
     
  • Small rodents (for larger adults only)
     
  • Feeder fish that do NOT contain thiaminase
     

Safe fish include:

  • tilapia
     
  • trout
     
  • salmon
     
  • silversides
     

Avoid high-thiaminase fish:

  • goldfish
     
  • minnows
     
  • rosy reds


Feeding Schedule

 

  • Juveniles: every 3–4 days
     
  • Adults: every 5–7 days


Feeding Tips

 

  • Feed on land or in shallow water dish
     
  • Large prey should be avoided—water snakes prefer small frequent meals
     
  • Avoid handling after eating. Juveniles 3-5 days, adults 5-7 days


Still unsure about what to feed your snake? 

you can contact us and we will help!

Contact Us

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